Chemical thinning affects yield and return flowering in ‘Jubileu’ peach
Palavras-chave:
Prunus persica, benziladenina, fitorreguladores, ethephon, promalin.Resumo
Peach hand thinning improves fruit quality; however, it requires a high demand of labor and increases production
costs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of growth regulators applied at post-flowering as an
alternative to hand thinning of peaches. The experiment was conducted with peach cultivar Jubileu, in 2012. The
treatments consisted of no thinning, hand thinning 45 days after full bloom (DAFB), ethephon (85 and 120 mg L-1),
benzyladenine (BA) (400 mg L-1), and BA plus gibberellic acid (GA4 + 7) (400 mg L-1) applied 40 DAFB. BA-treated plants
were not different from non-thinned plants, had excessive load, and smaller diameter fruit. Treatment with ethephon at
120 mg L-1 resulted in excessive thinning and decreased yield in comparison with other treatments. Plants treated with 85
mg L-1 ethephon and BA + AG4 + 7 (400 mg L-1) had fruit abscission, crop load, production per plant and fruit diameter
similar to hand-thinned plants. In 2013, an increased number of flower buds was observed in treatments with ethephon
and also reduction of this trait in BA and BA + GA4 + 7 applications. Ethephon at 85 mg L-1 can be an alternative of
chemical thinning in ‘Jubileu’ peaches, without compromising the return of flower bud numbers in the next crop.
Referências
Byers RE, Costa G & Vizzotto G (2003) Flower and fruit thinning of Peach and other Prunus. Hort. Rev., 28:351-392.
Costa G &Vizzotto G (2000) Fruit thinning of peach trees. Plant growth regulation, 31:113-119.
Costa G, Dalcin V & Ramina (2006) Physiological, Molecular and Practical Aspects of Fruit Abscission. Acta Horticulturae, 727:301-310.
Dennis JR FG (2000) The history of fruit thinning. Plant Growth Regulation, 31:1-16.
Einhorn TC, Pasa MS & Turner J (2014) ‘D’Anjou’ pear shoot growth and return bloom, but not fruit size, are reduced by prohexadione-calcium. HortSience, 49:180-187.
Gathercole FJ (1981) Thinning of cling peaches with ethephon in Riverland area of South Australia. Australian of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, 21:354-356.
Greene DW, Schupp JR & Winzeler HE (2011) Effect of abscisic acid and benzyladenine on fruit set and fruit quality of apples. HortScience, 46:604-609.
Greene DW & Costa G (2013) Fruit Thinning in Pome- and Stone-Fruit: State of the Art. ActaHorticulturae, 998:93-102.
Lakso AN, Wünsche JN, Palmer JW & Corelli-Grappadelli L (1999) Measurement and modeling of carbon balance of the apple tree. HortScience, 34:1040-1047.
MCartney SJ, Unrath D, Obermiller D, & Green A (2007) Naphthaleneacetic Acid, Ethephon, and Gibberellin A4 + A7 Have Variable Effects onFlesh Firmness and Return Bloom of Apple. HortTechnlogy, 17:32-38.
MCartney SJ, Obermiller JD & Arellano C (2012) Comparison of the effects of metamitron on chlorophyll fluorescence and fruit set in apple and peach. HortScience, 47:509-514.
Meitei SB, Patel RK, Deka BC, Deshmukh NA & Singh A (2013) Effect of chemical thinning on yield and quality of peach cv. Flordasun. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 8:3358-3565.
Salaya GFG (2012) Fruticultura – La producción de fruta: Frutas de clima templado y subtropical. 3ªed. Chile: Universidade do Chile. 643p.
Sardaki BL (2012) Study upon the impact of chemical thinning with ethephon on the quality of tow peach varieties cultivated in the western part of Romania. International research journal of agricultural science and soil science, 2:413-420.
Stern RA & Ben-Arie R (2009) GA3 Inhibitis flowering, reduces hand-thinning, and increases fruit size in peach and nectarine. Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology, 84:119-124.
Taheri A, Cline JA, Jayasankar S &Pauls PK (2012) Ethephon-inuducedabscission of “Redhaven” peach. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 3:295-301.
Taylor BH & Geisler-Taylor D (1998) Flower bud thinning and winter survival of “Redhaven” and “Cresthaven” peach in response to GA3 sprays. American Journal of Horticulturae Science, 123:500-508.
Vego D, Saravanja P &Knezovic Z (2010) Fruit thinning of peach and nectarine. Acta Horticulturae, 884:695-700.
Yuan R (2007) Effects of temperature on fruit thinning with ethephon in ‘Golden Delicious’ apples. Scientia Horticulturae, 113:8-12.
