Adubação fosfatada no feijoeiro cultivado sob palhada de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu

Resumo

The application of phosphate fertilizer is indispensable for the achievement of sustainable bean production, and P is necessary practically in the entire cycle. Thus, cultural management alternatives have been used in the best use of this nutrient, among them the use of Brachiaria as cover crop. The objective of this research was to evaluate the dynamics of phosphorus in the soil with and without the presence of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandú as cover crop, and the bean response to phosphorus fertilization. We used a randomized block design with a split plot arrangement; the plots were composed of P₂O₅ doses (0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 kg ha^-1) via triple superphosphate; and the subplots were composed of the presence and absence of Brachiaria as previous cover crop cultivation of beans. Soil samples were taken at 15 and 30 days after sowing (DAS) bean. In the samples, phosphorus fractionation in soil was carried out by the Hedley technique. Phosphorus content was evaluated in the leaf and grain yield of bean plants. The phosphorus fertilization and cultivation of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandú as cover crop provided changes in the levels of labile P of soil at 15 and 30 DAS bean, and labile P of soil only at 15 DAS bean. The presence of B. brizantha cv. Marandú as cover crop increases the P content in the bean leaf with consequent grain yield gain of 18%.