Parthenocarpy induction and reduction of seeds in fruits of ‘Nadorcott’ mandarin
Palavras-chave:
Citrus sp., gibberellic acid, copper sulfate, net, pollinationResumo
Mandarins commercialization at international market requires seedless fruit production in addition to its ideal organoleptic and visual quality. The objective of the work was to evaluate the efficiency of applications of gibberellic acid and of copper sulfate during anthesis in reducing the number of seeds and in the productive performance of the ‘Nadorcott’ mandarin in the conditions of the southern Brazil. The experiment was performed in an orchard of ‘Nadorcott’ mandarin trees grafted on Poncirus trifoliata. Two applications were conducted at anthesis with different levels and combinations of gibberellic acid and copper sulfate. Also, a net was used as one of the treatments to prevent pollination. The net treatment provided a high frequency of seedless fruits, with greater skin color, however with less production. Gibberellic acid applications increased linearly the frequency of seedless fruits and with a maximum of two seeds. Copper sulphate applications did not affect any evaluated characteristics. Sprays of gibberellic acid of 100 mg L-1 concentration reduce the number of seeds per fruit and increase parthenocarpy, without effect on fruit size and peel color.
Referências
Barry GH, Caruso M & Gmitter Jr FG (2020) Comercial scion varieties. In: Talón M, Caruso M & Gmitter Jr FG (Ed.) The Genus Citrus. Cambridge, Elsevier. p. 83-104.
Bergamaschi H, Melo RW, Guadagnin MR, Cardoso LS, Silva MIG, Comiran F, Dalsin F, Tessari ML & Brauner PC (2013) Boletins Agrometeorológicos da Estação Experimental Agronômica da UFRGS: série histórica 1970-2012. Available at: https://www.ufrgs.br/agronomia/joomla/files/EEA/Srie_Meteorologica_da_EEA-UFRGS.pdf. Accessed on: November 20th, 2020.
Bermejo A, Granero B, Mesejo C, Reig C, Tejedo V, Agustí M, Primo-Millo E & Iglesias DJ (2017) Auxin and gibberellin interact in citrus fruit set. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 37:491-501.
Chao CT (2005) Pollination study of mandarins and the effect on seediness and fruit size: implications for seedless mandarin production. HortScience, 40:362-365.
Chao CT, Fang J & Devanand PS (2005) Long distance pollen flow in mandarin orchards determined by AFLP markers: implications for seedless mandarin production. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 130:374-380.
Efrom CFS & Souza PVD (2018) Citricultura do Rio Grande do Sul: indicações técnicas. Porto Alegre, Secretaria da Agricultura, Pecuária e Irrigação. 289p.
Jimenez-Cuesta M, Cuquerella J & Martinez-Javaga JM (1981) Determination of a color index for citrus fruits degreening. Proceedings of the International Society of Citriculture, 2: 750-753.
FAO - Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Available at: http://www.fao.org/faostat. Accessed on: February 18th, 2021.
Gambetta G, Gravina A, Fasiolo C, Fornero C, Galiger S, Inzaurralde C & Rey F (2013) Self-incompatibility, parthenocarpy and reduction of seed presence in ‘Afourer’ mandarin. Scientia Horticulturae, 164:183-188.
Garmendia A, Beltrán R, Zornoza C, García-Breijo FJ, Reig J & Merle H (2019) Gibberellic acid in Citrus spp. flowering and fruiting: A systematic review. PLoS ONE, 14:e0223147.
Gonzatto MP, Boettcher GN, Schneider LA, Lopes AA, Silveira Junior JC, Petry HB, Oliveira RP & Schwarz SF (2016) 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyloxyacetic acid as effective thinning agent for fruit of ‘Montenegrina’ mandarin. Ciência Rural, 46:2078-2083.
Gravina A, Fornero C, Galiger S, Inzaurralde C, Fasiolo C & Gambetta G (2011) Partenocarpia, polinización cruzada y presencia de semillas en mandarina ‘Afourer’. Agrociencia Uruguay, 15:40-47.
Gravina A, Gambetta G, Rey F & Guimarães N (2016) Mejora de la productividad en mandarina ‘Afourer’ en aislamiento de polinización cruzada. Agrociencia Uruguay, 20:22-28.
Mcguire RG (1992) Reporting of objective colour measurements. HortScience, 27:1254-1255.
Mesejo C, Martínez-Fuentes A, Reig C, Rivas F & Agustí M (2006) The inhibitory effect of CuSO4 on citrus pollen germination and pollen tube growth and its application for the production of seedless fruit. Plant Science, 170:37–43.
Mesejo C, Martínez-Fuentes A, Reig C & Agustí M (2008) Gibberellic acid impairs fertilization in clementine mandarin under cross-pollination conditions. Plant Science, 175:267-271.
Oliveira RP, Scivittaro WB, João PL & Rombaldi CV (2011) Produção de citros sem sementes. In: Oliveira RP& Scivittaro WB (Ed.) Cultivo de citros sem sementes. Pelotas, Embrapa Clima Temperado. p. 23-28.
Otero A & Rivas F (2017) Field spatial pattern of seedy fruit and techniques to improve yield on ‘Afourer’ mandarin. Scientia Horticulturae, 225:264-270.
Santos HG, Jacomine PKT, Anjos LHC, Oliveira VÁ, Lumbreras JF, Coelho MR, Almeida JA, Araújo Filho JC, Oliveira JB & Cunha TJF (2018) Sistema brasileiro de classificação de solos. 5a ed. Brasília, Embrapa. 356p.
SBCS – Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência do Solo (2016) Manual de adubação e calagem para os Estados do RS e SC. 11a ed. Santa Maria, Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência do Solo / Núcleo Regional Sul. 375 p.
Yassin N, Morais AR & Muniz JA (2002) Análise de variância em um experimento fatorial de dois fatores com tratamentos adicionais. Ciência e Agrotecnologia, Special Edition:1541-1547.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
