Formas de potássio e estabelecimento de nível crítico para alguns solos do estado de Minas Gerais
III - Potássio não trocável
Palavras-chave:
potássio não trocável, ácido sulfúrico, nível crítico, crescimento vegetal, potássio disponívelResumo
The objective of this study was to obtain data regarding the non-exchangeable form of potassium and to study the relationships between this data and the potential, exchangea- ble and available forms of potassium. The critical levels for the various extractants was also determined. Twenty different soils were used for the study consistin, of nine red-yellow podzolic, six dark red latosols, four Ted-yellow latosols and one hydromorfic.
The non-exchangeable potassium was obtained by using concentrated sulfuric acid and hot IN nitric acid. The sulfuric acid was used in three different concentrations.
The results obtained permit the following conclusions
1. The levels of non-exchangeable potassium varied as a function of the extractant used, soil class and type of clay material.
2. The levels of non-exchangeable potassium correlated with the levels of available, exchangeable and potential potassium regardless of soil class. The sulfuric acid extractants (6N and 1 ml) did not lower excessively, the levels of available and exchangeable potassium.
3. The critical levels obtained, using the extractants for non-exchangeable potassium, were 44 ppm for 6N sulfuric acid 55 ppm for 1 ml sulfuric acid, and 75 ppm for 10 ml sulfuric acid.
Referências
ARNOLD, _P.W. & CLOSE, B.M. Release of non exchangeable potassium from some British soil cropped in the glasshou- se. J. Agric. Sci. Cambridge 57: 295-304. 1961.
BRAGA, J.M. & BRASIL SOBRINHO, M.C.0. Formas de potássio e estabelecimento de nível critico para alguns solos do Estado de Minas Gerais. 1: Potássio Disponível. Rev. Ceres, Viçosa, 20 (104): 53-64. 1973.
BRAGA, J.M. & BRASIL SOBRINHO, M.C.0. Formas de potássio e estabelecimento de nível critico para alguns solos do Estado de Minas Gerais. II: Potencial de Potássio e Potássio Trocável. Rev. Ceres, Viçosa, 20 (109): 137-147. 1973.
BRELANO, H.L., BERTRAMSON, B.R. § BORLANO, J.W. Potassium supplyng power of several Indiana soils. Soil Sei., Baltimore, 70: 237-247.71950.
CATE, R.B. § NELSON, L.A. Um método rápido para correlação de análises de testes de solo com dados de reações das plantas. NCSU, Raleigh, 1965, 13 p. (Int. Soil Testing Program, Bull. no 1).
CATE, R.D. § NELSON, L.A. A simple statistical procedure for partitioning soil test correlation data into two classes. Soil Sei. Soc. Amer. Proc., Madison, 35: 658-660. 1971.
CHANDLER, R.F., PEECH, M. § CHANG, C.W. The release of exchangeable and non exchangeable potassium from different soils upon cropping. J. Amer. Soc. Agrom., Ma- dison, 37: 709-721. 1945.
EVANS, C.E. § ATTOE, 0.J. Potassium supplying power of virgin and cropped soils. Soil Sci., Baltimore, 66: 323-334. 1948.
GARMAN, W.L. Potassium release characteristics of several soils from Ohio and New York. Soil Sei. Soc. Amer. Proc., Madison, 21: 52-58. 1957.
GREWALL, J.S. § KANWAR, J.S. Forms of potassium in Punjab soils. J. Indian Soe. Sei., N. Delhi, 14: 63-67. 1966.
HOOVER, C.D., JONES, V.S. & GHOLSTON, L.E. Release of non exchangeable potassium as influenced by weathering, soil reaction and potassium fertilization. Soil Sei. Soc. Amer. Proc., Madison, 21: 505-598. 1957.
HUNTER, A.H. § PRATT, P.F. Extraction of potassium from soils by sulfuric acid. Soil Sei. Soc. Amer. Proc. Madison, 21: 505-598. 1957.
KHANNA, P.K. § DATTA, N.P. Cantidad de potasio facilmente intercambiale en el suelo, afectado por los cambios de humedad y las condiciones de temperatura. Rev. de la Potasa, Berna, 5: 1-17. 1968.
McEVEM, H.B. & MATHEWS, B.C. Rate of non-exchangeable potassium by Ontario soil in relation to natural soil Characteristics and management practices. Canadian Jour Soil Sei., 38: 36-43. 1958.
MacLEAN, A.J. Potassium supplying power of some Canadians soil. Canadian Jour. Soil Sci., 41: 196-206. 1961.
MARIN MORALES, G.A. MADING § S. LUNGS VILLAGE; Potassium supplying power of various Colombian soils. Agricultura Trop., Colombia, 23: 88-101. 1957.
PEARSON, R.W. Potassium supplying power of eight Alabama soils. Soil Sci., Baltimore, 74: 301-309. 1952.
PEECH, M. § BRADEFIELD, R. The effect of lime and magnesia on soil potassium and on the absorption of potassium by plants. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc., Madison, 55: 37-48. 1943.
POPE, A. § CHENEY, H.B. The potassium supplying power of several western Oregon soils. Soil Sei. Soc. Amer Proc., Madison, 21: 75-79. 1957.
PRATT, P.F., SIMON, R.H. & VOLK, G.V. Release of potassium from non exchangeable forms in relation to soil reaction. Soil Sei. Soc. Amer. Proc., Madison, 20: 190-192. 1958.
REITEMEIER, R.F. The chemistry of soil potassium. Adv. in Agron., New York, 3: 113-164, 1951.
ROUSE, R.D. & BERTRAMSON. Potassium availability in several Indiana soil. Its nature and methods of evaluation. Soil Sei. Soe. Amer. Proc., Madison, 14: 113-123. 1949.
SCHMITZ, G.W. § PRATT, P.F. Exchangeable and non ex- changeable potassium as indexes to yields increases and potassium absorption by corn in the greenhouse. Soil Sci., Baltimore, 76: 345-353. 1953
SMITH, J.A. & MATTEWS, B.C. Release of potassium by 18 Ontario soils during continous cropping in the greenhouse. Canadian. Jour. Soil Sei., 37: 1-10. 1957.
STEWART, E.H. § VOLK, N.J. Relation between potash in soils and not extracted by plants. Soil Sei., Baltimore, 61: 125-130. 1946.
SUTTON, P. § SEAY, W.A. Relationship between the potassium removed by millet and red clover and the potassium extracted by 4 chemical methods from 6 Kentuchy Soils. Soil Sei. Soe. Amer. Proc., Madison, 22: 110-114. 1958.
VASCO DA GAMA, M. Liberação e duração d: potássio nalguns solos. Agronomia Lusitana, Lisboa, 29: 99-115. 1967.
WIESE, R.A. Soil properties and chemical methods relating the availability of potaseium in selected southeastern Piedmont and Mountain soils, North Carolina University, Raleigh, 1961, 137 p (Ph.D. Thesis)
WILKLANDER, L. Forms of potassium in the soil. In: Potassium Symposium. Berna, International Potash Insti- tute, 1954. p. 109-121.
WILLIAMS, E. G. Chemical soils test as and aid to increased productivity. In: International Soil Conference, New Zealand, 1962. 15 p.
WOOD, L.T. & DeTURK, E.E. Absorption of potassium in soils in nonexchangeable forms. Soil Sei. Soc. Amer. Proc., Madison, 5: 152-161. 1940.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
