Chilling requirement of four peach cultivars estimated by changes in flower bud weights
Palavras-chave:
Prunus persica (L.) Batsch;, Tabuenca test;, mild winter;, dormancy;, low chill cultivars.Resumo
The adaptation of temperate fruit crops is a challenge being increased by the global warming. Chilling requirement
is a key factor for adaptation. The objective of this study was to estimate the chilling requirement of peach cultivars
BRS Bonão, Esmeralda, Granada and Eragil, using the Tabuenca test. Chilling accumulation was computed using four
different chilling hour (d+ 7.2 oC and d+ 11 oC) models; and chill units using the Low Chill model and the Taiwan model.
The fresh bud weight and bud water contents were also evaluated. The Tabuenca test (based on differences in bud ́s
dry weight) showed a fairly good efficiency for estimating the end of dormancy in peach. However, under mild winter
conditions, it is better to use fresh bud weights. Either one of three chilling accumulation computation models (temperature
d+ 7.2 °C, d+ 11°C, or Taiwan model) is suitable to classify comparatively different cultivars, but none is accurate
enough to conclude on the adaptation of a given cultivar to a specific site. Using hours of temperatures d+ 11 oC: ‘BRS
Bonão’ needed around 180 hours for dormancy release; ‘Esmeralda’ around 250 hours; ‘Granada’ between 300 and 400
hours, and ‘Eragil’ more than 500 hours.
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