Wheat cultivars reared in nutritive solution screening towards aluminum toxicity tolerance
Palavras-chave:
soil acidity, toxic aluminum, hydroponics, genotype selection, Triticum aestivum L.Resumo
Aluminum present in acidic soils hinder plant development and growth, while impacting grain productivity in susceptible wheat cultivars. The objective of this study was to evaluate aluminum toxicity tolerance in commercial wheat cultivars reared in a nutritive solution. The experimental design was completely randomized with four repetitions. The treatments were arranged following a split-plot, with a total of 12 wheat genotypes reared in a nutritive solution that contained Aluminum and one which was absent of Al. The wheat seedlings were maintained in a climate-controlled chamber, at 23°C ± 1 ºC, with constant photoperiod and aeration. After 96 hours, the following characteristics were evaluated: root number (RN), shoot length (SL), longest root length (R1), second longest root length (R2) and sprout dry mass (DM). Variance analysis was performed on the data and the means were classified utilizing Scott & Knott (5% significance). The results revealed the genetic variation between the cultivars, highlighted was the cultivar ORS Ágile which was sensitive towards aluminum, just as the sensitive witness Anahuac 75. The cultivar BRS Atobá demonstrated greater tolerance, as did BRS Sabiá and TBIO Sossego.
Referências
1. FAOSTAT. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAOSTAT database [Internet]. Rome: FAO; 2024. Available from: http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/
2. Companhia Nacional de Abastecimento. Normas da organização [Internet]. Brasília: CONAB; 2024. Available from: https://www.conab.gov.br/info-agro/safras/graos
3. Kopittke PM, Moore KL, Lombi E, Gianoncelli A, Ferguson BJ, Blamey FPC, et al. Identification of the primary lesion of toxic aluminum in plant roots. Plant Physiol. 2015;167(4):1402-11. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.114.253229
4. Schmitt M, Watanabe T, Jansen S. The effects of aluminium
on plant growth in a temperate and deciduous aluminium accumulating species. AoB Plants. 2016;8:plw065. https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plw065
5. Ferraz FS, Coelho CJ, Matiello RR. Phenotypic characterization of wheat inbred lines to aluminum tolerance in minimal solution. Braz J Dev. 2020;6(10):78996-8008. https://doi.org/10.34117/bjdv6n10-362
6. Santos Neto J, Delfini J, Silva TW, Akihide HA, Novais JM, Gonçalves LSA, et al. The response of common bean cultivars and lines to aluminum toxicity. Agronomy. 2020;10(2):296. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10020296
7. Pereira JF. Initial root length in wheat is highly correlated with acid soil tolerance in the field. Sci Agric. 2018;75(1):79-83. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-992X-2016-0422
8. Aguilera JG, Minozzo JA, Barichello D, Fogaça CM, da Silva JP, Consoli L, et al. Alleles of organic acid transporter genes are highly correlated with wheat resistance to acidic soil in field conditions. Theor Appl Genet. 2016;129(7):1317-31. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-016-2705-3
9. Baier AC, Sommers DJ, Gustafson JP. Aluminium tolerance in wheat: correlating hydroponic evaluations with field and soil performances. Plant Breeding. 1995;114(4):291-6. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1995.tb01236.x
10. Voss M, Sousa CN, Baier AC, Nascimento Junior A, Boff T. Método de avaliação de tolerância à toxidez de alumínio em trigo em condições de hidroponia na Embrapa Trigo [Internet]. Passo Fundo: Embrapa Trigo; 2006. 14 p. (Embrapa Trigo. Documentos Online; 67). Available from: https://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/bitstream/doc/852522/1/pdo67.pdf
11. Cruz CD. Genes software – extended and integrated with the R, Matlab and Selegen. Acta Sci Agron. 2016;38(4):547-52. https://doi.org/10.4025/actascagron.v38i4.32629
12. Echart CL, Cavalli-Molina S. Fitotoxicidade do alumínio: efeitos,mecanismo de tolerância e seu controle genético. Cienc Rural.2001;31(3):531-41.
13. Abate E, Hussien S, Laing M, Mengistu F. Aluminium toxicity tolerance in cereals: Mechanisms, genetic control and breeding methods. Afr J Agric Res. 2012;7(5):711-22.
14. Silva GP, Zanella CM, Delatorre CA, Chaves MS, Federizzi LC. Organic acid carriers in tolerance to toxic aluminum in wheat. Rev Bras Cienc Solo. 2018;42:e0170217.
15. Bertan I, Carvalho FI, Oliveira AC, Oliveira PH, Silva JG, Benin G, et al. Traits associated to toxic aluminum tolerance in wheat genotypes from southern Brazil. Rev Bras Agrociencia. 2005;11(2):149-54.
16. Degenhardt J, Larsen PB, Howell SH, Kochian LV. Aluminum resistance in the Arabidopsis mutant alr-104 is caused by an aluminum-induced increase in rhizosphere pH. Plant Physiol. 1998;117(1):19-27.
17. Kochian LV, Piñeros MA, Liu J, Magalhaes JV. Plant adaptation to acid soils: the molecular basis for crop aluminum resistance. Annu Rev Plant Biol. 2015;66:571-98. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-arplant-043014-114822
18. Taiz L, Zeiger E, Møller IM, Murphy A. Fundamentos de fisiologia vegetal. 6a ed. Porto Alegre: Artmed; 2021. Capítulo 14, Nutrição mineral; p. 353-73.
19. Clarkson DT. The effect of aluminium and some other trivalent metal cations on cell division in the root apices of Allium cepa. Ann Bot. 1965;29(2):309-15.
20. Morimura S, Takahashi E, Matsumoto H. Association of aluminium with nuclei and inhibition of cell division in onion (Allium cepa) roots. Z Pflanzenphysiol. 1978;88(5):395-401.
21. Ryan PR, Raman H, Gupta S, Horst WJ, Delhaize E. A second mechanism for aluminum resistance in wheat relies on the constitutive efflux of citrate from roots. Plant Physiol. 2009;149(1):340-51. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.108.129155
22. Sasaki T, Yamamoto Y, Ezaki B, Katsuhara M, Ahn SJ, Ryan PR, et al. A wheat gene encoding an aluminum-activated malate transporter. Plant J. 2004;37(5):645-53. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-313x.2003.01991.x
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2026 Revista Ceres
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
