Phenology and thermal requirements of the atemoya tree (Annona cherimola Mill. X Annona squamosa L.)
Palabras clave:
BBCH, degree days, agronomic seasons, pruning, cyclesResumen
The present study had as the main objective the documentation and characterization of the different phenological stages, as well as the definition of the thermal requirements, of the atemoya tree for two agronomic seasons. From shoot development to senescence and beginning of the rest period eight main stages were described (shoot development, leaf development, shoot/bud growth, inflorescence appearance, flowering, fruit development, fruit maturity and senescence and the beginning of the rest period). The number of days and the thermal requirements for completing each phenological stage were different between the two agronomic seasons of the atemoya. The first and second agronomic season presented a period of 217 and 206 days, with thermal requirements of 2469 and 2302 degree days, respectively.
Citas
Cautín R & Agustí M (2005) Phenological growth stages of the cherimoya tree (Annona cherimola Mill.). Scientia Horticulturae, 105:49-497.
Cook BI, Wolkovich EM & Parmesan C (2012) Divergent responses to spring and winter warming drive community level ûowering trends. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109:9000-9005.
Guo L, Dai J, Ranjitkar S, Xu J & Luedeling E (2013) Response of chestnut phenology in China to climate variation and change. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 180:164-172.
Hack H, Bleiholder H, Buhr L, Meier U, Schnock-Fricke U, Weber E & Witzenberger A (1992) Einheitliche Codierung der phänologischen Entwicklungsstadien mono- und dikotyler Pflanzen -Erweiterte BBCH-Skala Allgemein. Nachrichtenblatt des Deutschen Pflanzenschutzdientes, 44:265-270.
Kshirsagar SV, Shinde NN & Rane DA (1975) Studies on the floral biology in atemoya (Annona atemoya). South Indian Horticulture, 23:06-10.
Lemos EEP (2014) A produção de anonáceas no Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, 36:077-085.
Liu K, Li H, Yuan C, Huang Y, Chen Y & Liu J (2015) Identification of phenological growth stages of sugar apple (Annona squamosa L.) using the extended BBCH-scale. Scientia Horticulture, 181:76-80.
Mendes DS, Pereira MCT, Nietsche S, Silva JF, Rocha JS, Mendes AH, Xavier HRA & Santos RC (2017) Phenological characterization and temperature requirements of Annona squamosa L. in the Brazilian semiarid region. Annals of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences, 89:01-12.
Pereira MCT, Nietsche S, Costa MR, Crane JH, Corsato CDA & Mizobutsi EH (2011) Anonáceas: pinha, atemoia e graviola. Informe Agropecuário, 32:26-34.
Pereira MCT, Crane JH, Montas W, Nietsche S & Vendrame WA (2014) Effects of storage length and flowering stage of pollen influence its viability, fruit set and fruit quality in ‘Red’ and ‘Lessard Thai’ sugar apple (Annona squamosa) and ‘Gefner’ atemóia (A. cherimola × A. squamosa). Scientia Horticulture, 178:55-60.
Popenoe W (1952) Central American Fruit Culture. CEIBA, 1:299-304.
Rizzini CT (1997) Tratado de fitogeografia do Brasil: aspectos ecológicos, sociológicos e florísticos. São Paulo, Âmbito Cultural. 747p.
Silva TGF, Zolnier S, Moura MSB, Sediyama GC, Steidle-Neto AJ & Silva-Júnior JLC (2006) Potencial agroclimático para o cultivo da atemoia (Annona squamosa L. x Annona cherimola Mill.) no Estado da Bahia. Revista Brasileira de Agrometeorologia, 14:01-11.
Stewart DW, Dwyer LM & Carrigan LL (1998) Phenological temperature response of Maize. Agronomy Journal, 90:73-79.
Tokunaga T (2000) A cultura da atemoia. Campinas CATI. 80p. (Boletim técnico, 233).
Villa Nova NA, Pedro-Junior MJ, Pereira AR & Ometto JC (1972) Estimativa de graus-dia acumulados acima de qualquer temperatura-base em função das temperaturas máxima e mínima. Ciências Terra, 30:01-08.
Warrington IJ & Kanemasu ET (1983) Corn growth response to temperature and photoperiod I. Seedling emergence, tassel initiation, and anthesis. Agronomy Journal, 75:749-754.
